Fluid-pressure engine.



Patented May 22, I900.

J. r. was. FLUID PRESSURE ENGINE.

(Application filed Aug. 17, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

( No Model.)

my afar No. 650,222. Patented May 22, I900.

J. F. BEINS. 2 FLUID PRESSURE ENGINE;

(Application filed Aug. 17, 1899.)

' 2 Sheets-Sheet.2.

(No Model.)

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NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FLUID-PRESSURE ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 650,222, dated May 22, 1900.

Application filed August 17, 1899. Serial No. 727,559. (No model.) I

To allwhom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J AN FREDERIK BEINS, analytical chemist, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at No. 3 Burgemeester Hoffman plein, Rotterdam, in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Pressure Engines, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention resides in an apparatus-by means of which the energy which is ordinarily lost in the daily use of water and gases from service pipes or mains may be utilized for industrial purposes. In general such gases or fluids under pressure-for example, water in service pipes and mainsare too expensive for use as motive agents, and my apparatus is especially serviceable in cases where the pressure would otherwise go to waste unutilized or where the cost of the same isof slight importance. As the apparatus is more especially designed for converting a low pressure into ahigher one or the reverse, I have called the same a -transformer.

The uses to which the transformer may be put are numerous. For example, it may be utilized in connection with mineral-water plants in the manufacture of mineral waters or in raising water to those stories of a building for which the initial pressure is inadequate, in which instances a motive fluid is utilized the pressure of which would otherwise be unsuitable or lost, or it may be used in extinguishing fires, in which instance the loss of a portion of the water taken from the source of power would be comparatively unimportant.

The object of the invention, therefore, is to provide an apparatus for automatically raising the pressure of water from a conduitor service-pipe to a higher pressure rapidly and in sufficient quantities to meet the requirements. V

The invention consists of the construction, combinations, and arrangements of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the drawings forming part of this specification,Figure 1 is a vertical section of the apparatus. ,Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation at right angles 'to Fig. 1. 3 is a horizontal through the vent or port 51. pressure from the service pipe or main is ad .mitted below the larger piston 3 and water from the same source is forced away from 45. I upon the relative areas of the two pistons considered in connection with the pressure in section taken on the line A A of Fig. 1. Fig. 4. is a similar section on the line B B of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a similar section on the line C O of Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is a view illustrative of the application of the device to a mineral-water machine.

Like reference-numerals indicate like parts in the several views.

In carrying out my invention I employ a ranged one above the other, in which are respectively located a small piston .5 and a large piston 3, the said pistons being connected together by a hollow piston-rod 4. The movements of the pistons are controlled by automatic valy e mechanism arranged beneath the larger cylinder. The space in the cylinders between the pistons 5 and 3 is maintained in free communication with the atmosphere above the smaller piston 5 through the port The pressure of the latter will depend the service-pipe. For example, if the ratio between the piston areas he as one to four and the pressure in the service-pipe be two atmospheres per unit of area a pressure of eight Water under small cylinder 1 and a large cylinder 2, ar-- atmospheres per unitof area will be developed above the smaller piston 5.

The admission and exhaust of the pressure fluid are controlled by the piston-slide 28,

while the position of the piston-slide itself is bolts 22 between the flange 48 at. the lower end ofthe small cylinder 1 and an end or base-plate 6, leather washers 7. being provided to render the joints water-tight. To. the end plate 6 is secured a valve-chest 12, the latter being provided with an inlet-pas. sage 14, an outlet-passage 15, and valve-chambers 33 35 37 and closed by a cover-or lid 13. l The inlet-valve chamber 35 and the outletvalve chamber 33, wherein the inlet and outlet valves 27 and 26 are respectively located, are disposed one on either side of thechamber 37, within which the piston slide-valve 28" works. The passages and 14 are utilized for the admission and exhaust. ...The.end or.. base plate 6 of the larger cylinder has depressions 60-and ,61, which ,arein line with the chambers 35 and, 33, while a central passage .62, which trayerses the said plate 6, coincides withrthe piston-valvechamber 37."

]The inlet-valve chamber is in communi cation with the admission-passage 15 through a small port 36, located in the upper part of the corresponding depression in the end or base plate 6, the outlet-valve chamber 33 the valve-chamber and having a nozzle 50 thereon. The said piston slide-valve 28 is perforated at 32, so that the spaces above and below the said valve are in communication check-valve 19 and with which the service- 'pipe 18 is connected. The discharge-orifice 3.8 is situated atthetop of the cylinder 1, is provided with a pressure gage 20, and communicates with a discharge-pipe 45, which is provided with a back-pressure valve .21.

The operationof the apparatus or trans former is as follows: The starting valve or cook 16 having been opened and assuming the piston slide-valve 28 to be in its lowest positibil' theport 24 of the chamber 33 below the outlet-valve 2 6 will be open to the annular space surrounding the piston slide-valve belng in similar communication through the port with the exhaust-passage 14. The inlet and outlet valve chambers 35,,and 33 are also provided with ports 11 and 10, respectively, which traverse the said base-plate 6 andcommnnicate with the space below the piston 3 in the larger cylinder 2. Both the inlet and outlet valves 27 and 26 are, more over, formed as small pistons, and each is providedwith a leather cup or packing 23. The

inlet-valve27 is of a light, while the outletvalve 26 is of a heavy, construction. These valves are adapted to slide in the chambers 35 and 33 and are each provided with an in dia-rubber cap 63 for effecting the closing of 1 the respective ports 11 and 10, which communicate with the larger cylinder 2. The lower portion of eachvalve is extended to serve as a guide. V

The piston slide-valve 28 is provided with p a leather cup64 at its upper and lower extremities, From the upper extremity of the said valve projects a stem 29, which works 1 through a cap or nut 9 at the lower end of the A hollow pistonrod 4 and which is provided 7 with a disk 30, the outer extremity of the stem entering areduced portion of the bore of the hollow piston-rod, or ahollow cylindrical body 31 maybe fitted in the said bore, so as to form a shoulderfor the disk 30 to abut against.

-This reap; or nut 9, in conjunction with the shoulder 31 inthe hollow piston-rod, operates thepiston slide-valve 28 according as the one or the other comes into contact with the said disk 30. The disk 30 is made adjustable on the stem 29, so that the stroke of the valve 28 may be accurately regulated. The annular space inthe piston-valve chamber 37 between the cupped extremities 64 is permanently in communication with the pressure fluid by means of, 'a. branch pipe 17, extending from the port 11 to the cylinder 2. liquid now gains access to the space in the cylinder 2, below the piston 3, raising the two pis- 28 and pressure-water will be admitted to the said chamber 33, the outlet-valve ,26 being raised, whereby the exhaust-port 10, of the cylinder 2 is closed. Meanwhile the port 25 between the piston-slide-valve chamber 37 and the chamber 35, below the inlet-valve 27,

is uncovered, the press ure-water being thereby exhausted from the said chamber 35 into the space'above the piston slide-valve28.

From thisspace'th'e liquid passes through the port 23, communicating with the space above the outlet-valve 26, from whence it is finally exhausted through port 34and discharge passage 14. As the water becomes exhausted the pressure from the service-pipe 15, which is. in

direct communication through port 36 with the upper end of the inlet-valve chamber 35, causes the inlet-valve 27 to descend and'open The pressure tons3 and 5 and discharging the liquid from above the smaller piston through passage 38, check-valve 21, and pipe 45 at an increased pressure until the piston slide valve 28 is raised by the cap or nut 9 coming into contact 35. At the same time the pressure liquid is cut oft from the underside of the outlet-valve 26, and the port 24 thereto is opened, so asto exhaust, by way ofthe passage 32, through the body of the slide-valve 28 to the upper part of the slide-valve chamber 37 and from thence,

as above described, through port 23 and passage 34 to discharge-passage 14.- The pressure on each end of the outlet-valve 26 the service-pipe'to a port communicating With the annular space formed by the valve 28 in be ng in equilibrium this valve'falls by its own gravity. The opening of the outlet-port lO'to theexha'ust 14 produces a reduction of pressure in the upper space of the inlet-valve chamber 36, while the pressure below theinlet-valve 27, which is of light construction, efiects the rise of the said valve, and thereby closes the inletport 11. The pressure from the service-pipe 18 being now on the upper side of the smaller piston both pistons 5 and 3 descend, the upper cylinder 1 being thereby recharged, While the liquid from below the larger piston 3- is exhausted. On the cylindrical body 31 in the hollow piston-rod 4 coming into contact with the .disk 30 on the slide-valve stem 29 the piston slide-valve 28 is depressed, and the cycle of operations is repeated.

It will be seen that at each upward stroke of the pistons 5 and 3 the water contained in the smaller cylinder 1 is forced at an increased pressure into the discharge-pipe 45 and that a quantity of water corresponding to the capacity of the larger cylinder 2 is discharged. This water may be collected in a tank or cistern and utilized for washing, flushing, or other purposes.

The apparatus can be advantageously applied in the manufacture of mineral waters, the water therefor being usually forced into the saturation-chamber by the pressure of the carbonic-acid gas, a loss in respect of the latter invariably occurring. is, however, obviated by the employment of my improved automatic apparatus.

The mineral-water machine, as illustrated in Fig. 6, is one of the class in which the water is forced through a porous wall into a chamber containing carbonic-acid gas at a pressure of, say, five atmospheres and wherein such water is saturated with the carbonic-acid gas. Assuming that the pressure in the pipe 41 supplying the water, which pipe is connected to pipe of the transformer, be two atmospheres and that the ratio between the piston areas be one to four, then the water, under an increased pressure, will be forced from cylinder 1 of the transformer through pipe 45 into the mineral-water machine 39 and charged with carbonic-acid gas.

The carbonic acid enters the mineral-water machine under a pressure of, say, five atmospheres, coming through pipe 46 from the receiver 44. The charged water is withdrawn from the apparatus through conduit 47.

The waste water from the transformer flows into the receptacle 43 through the outletconduit 42, which is coupled to conduit 14 of the transformer and can be utilized for any purpose.

Where no pressure-water from a main is available, water from any other source or, in fact, any fluid may by means of this transformer be brought to the desired pressure.

The transformer above described may be employed in all cases where a low pressure is available and where it is desired to develop a higher pressure.

Such loss of gas In large towns where a system of watermains exists, but Where the pressure in such mains is sometimes insuflicient to carry the waterto the upper stories of the buildings, this apparatus will be found advantageous.

The transformer in this instance is introduced into the water-pipe system at a convenientlylow let el to raise the water in the said system to the required pressure. The moment such pressure becomes reduced in consequence of water being drawn from any part of the system or from the cistern served thereby, and which may be at the highest point of such system, the apparatus will operate antomatically until the required pressure is restored. The water which has been used in obtaining this increase of pressure may be utilized in the lower stories for flushing and other purposes.

This apparatus is further adapted for use in extinguishing outbreaks of fire, as it enables a supply of Water to be at any time ready for use, so that an incipient fire may be suppressed as soon as detected, and if such water be first saturated with carbonic-acid gas the extinguishing effect on the fire will besmaller cylinder and is provided with a checkvalve, a discharge-pipe leading from the smaller cylinder provided with a check-valve, a valve-chest secured to the larger cylinder having inlet and exhaust passages therein,

and also having inlet-valve, outlet-valve and piston-valve chambers therein, the inlet-passage and inlet-valve chamber, and the exhaust-passage and outlet-valve chamber being in communication with each other, passages being provided between the pistonvalve chamber and the inlet-valve chamber, and between the piston-valve chamber and the outlet-valve chamber, the latter passages being located adjacent to the ends of the chambers with which they communicate, and

ports being provided between the larger cylinder and the inlet and outlet valve chambers, inlet and outlet valves adapted to close said ports, a piston slide-valve having apassage therethrough and provided with a closed annular pocket in its outer surface, a stem on said slide-valve extending into said hollow piston-rod, a diskthereon adapted to be engaged by the shoulders on said piston-rod .my hand in presence oftwo'isnbscribh'g wit at opposite ends'of its stroke, and branches of'said conduit communicating, respectively, inesses.

with'saidinlet-passa e and with said piston- V valve chamber, the h ranch entering the lat- JAN FREDERIK' BEINSf 5 ter at a point always opposite the pocket in Witnessesr the piston slide-valve. S. LISTOE,

- In testimony whereof have hereunto set' LEONARD KOOT'. 

